EMPLOYER REFUSAL TO BARGAIN IN GOOD FAITH; DEFENSES – Business Necessity; Emergency Exception

Single Topic for Decision 2296M

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Asserted fiscal emergency under MMBA section 3504.5 did not authorize city to impose furloughs, where city did not formally declare fiscal emergency until two months after it unilaterally implemented furlough plan and failed to establish that it had no alternative to unilaterally imposing furloughs rather than complete the meet and confer process.