PARTIES; DEFINITIONS; WHO IS AN EMPLOYER? – Joint Employer, Single Employer, and Alter Ego Doctrines

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201.00000 – PARTIES; DEFINITIONS; WHO IS AN EMPLOYER?
201.04000 – Joint Employer, Single Employer, and Alter Ego Doctrines

Joint employer is 2 or more employers who exert significant control over the same employees. Facts do not demonstrate the UC and USHC are joint employers given the operation of SB 1350 and USHC being subject to NLRB jurisdiction. A single employer exists where 2 nominally separate entities are actually part of a single integrated enterprise. There are four factors: (1) functional integration of operations; (2) centralized control of labor relations; (3) common management; and (4) common ownership. USHC and UC are not a single employer because USHC falls within NLRB jurisdiction.